Neurons and Synapses
The History of Its Discovery

Renato M.E. Sabbatini, PhD

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VI. To Know More

Biographies

Theodor Schwamm Anton van Leeuwenhoek Robert Hooke Jan Evangelista Purkinje Wilhelm His Santiago Ramón y Cajal Camillo Golgi Charles Scott Sherrington Henry Hallet Dale Otto Loewi John Carew Eccles Bernard Katz Ulf von Euler

Auguste-Henri Forel Robert Remak Zacharias Jansen Johann Christian Reil Gabriel Gustav Valentin Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg Henry Pickering Bowditch William Maddock Bayliss Ernest Henry Starling Mathias Schleiden Rudolph Albert von Kölliker Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Waldeyer Julius Axelrod

Web Sites

• Museum of Microscopy
• Cutting it Fine: Microtomes from the Collection
• NASA: Ramón y Cajal Preparations

On-Line Articles

• Paolo Mazzarello: A Unifying Concept: The History of Cell Theory [In PDF]
• Sir John C. Eccles, AC, Nobel Laureate. University of Melbourne.
• Otto Loewi (1873–1961) and the Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology of the University of Graz.
• Javier de Felipe. Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852-1934). MIT Encyclopedia of Cognitive Sciences [In PDF]
• Paolo Mazzarello. Camillo Golgi Scientific Biography. Journal of the History of Neurosciences [In PDF]
• Marina Bentivoglio: Life and discoveries of Santiago Ramón y Cajal. The Nobel Foundation, 1998.
• Marina Bentivoglio: Life and discoveries of Camillo Golgi. The Nobel Foundation, 1998.
• History of the Neurobiology of Synapses (slide show)
• P.Z. Myers: Synapses
• Rafael Yuste. The Discovery of Dendritic Spines. [In PDF]
• The Neuron Doctrine. Theory and Facts. Nobel Lecture by Camillo Golgi (1906) [In PDF]
• The Structure and Connexions of Neurons Nobel Lecture by Santiago Ramón y Cajal, 1906 [In PDF]
• The Chemical Transmission of Nerve Action. Nobel Lecture by Otto Loewi (1936)
• Some Recent Extensions of the Chemical Transmission of the Effects of Nerve Impulses. Nobel Lecture by Sir Henry Dale (1936)
• The Ionic Mechanisms of Postsynaptic Inhibition. Nobel Lecture by Sir John C. Eccles, 1963 [In PDF]
• Adrenergic Neurotransmitter Function. Nobel Lecture by Ulf von Euler (1970) [In PDF]
• Noradrenaline: Fate and Control of its Biosynthesis. Nobel Lecture by Julius Axelrod (1970) [In PDF]
• On the Quantal Mechanism of Neurotransmitter Release Nobel Lecture by Sir Bernard Katz (1970) [In PDF]

Book Chapters

• Cytoarchitectonics and the Neuron Doctrine and Localization. In: Finger, S. Origins of Neuroscience. A History of Explorations in Brain Function. London: Oxford University Press, p. 42-50, 1994.
• Santiago Ramón y Cajal. From Nerve Nets to Neuron Doctrine (Chapter 13). In: Finger, S. Minds Behind the Brains. A History of the Pioneers and Their Discoveries. London: Oxford University Press, p. 197-216, 2000.
• Charles Scott Sherrington. The Integrated Nervous System (Chapter 14). In: Finger, S. Minds Behind the Brains. A History of the Pioneers and Their Discoveries. London: Oxford University Press, p. 217-237, 2000.
• Otto Loewi and Henry Dale. The Discoverers of Neurotransmitters (Chapter 16). In: Finger, S. Minds Behind the Brains. A History of the Pioneers and Their Discoveries. London: Oxford University Press, p. 259-279, 2000.
• The Anatomic Substrate: Cerebral Fine Structure (Chapter 7). In: Marshall, L.H. and Magoun, H.W. Discoveries in the Human Brain. Neuroscience Prehistory, Brain Structure and Function. Totowa, NJ, USA: Humana Press, p. 125-156, 1998.
• Chemical Transmission (Chapter 8). In: Marshall, L.H. and Magoun, H.W. Discoveries in the Human Brain. Neuroscience Prehistory, Brain Structure and Function. Totowa, NJ, USA: Humana Press, p. 165-169, 1998.

Neurons and Synapses: The History of Its Discovery By Renato M.E. Sabbatini, PhD Brain & Mind Magazine, 17, April-July 2003 Part 6 of 6 Copyright 2003 Renato M.E. Sabbatini Published on 23.Feb.2003